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                <h2 id="Airtest"><a href="#Airtest" class="headerlink" title="Airtest"></a>Airtest</h2>
                <p>首先需要安装 Airtest，使用 pip3 即可：</p>
                <figure class="highlight cmake">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">pip3 <span class="keyword">install</span> airtest</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="初始化-device"><a href="#初始化-device" class="headerlink" title="初始化 device"></a>初始化 device</h3>
                <p>如果设备没有被初始化的话会进行初始化，并把初始化的设备作为当前设备。 用法如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight python">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">init_device</span><span class="params">(platform=<span class="string">"Android"</span>, uuid=None, **kwargs)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Initialize device if not yet, and set as current device.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :param platform: Android, IOS or Windows</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :param uuid: uuid for target device, e.g. serialno for Android, handle for Windows, uuid for iOS</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :param kwargs: Optional platform specific keyword args, e.g. `cap_method=JAVACAP` for Android</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :return: device instance</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight isbl">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">device</span> = <span class="function"><span class="title">init_device</span>(<span class="string">'Android'</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">print</span>(<span class="variable">device</span>)</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>运行结果如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight stylus">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">&lt;airtest<span class="selector-class">.core</span><span class="selector-class">.android</span><span class="selector-class">.android</span><span class="selector-class">.Android</span> <span class="selector-tag">object</span> at <span class="number">0</span>x1018f3a58&gt;</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>可以发现它返回的是一个 Android 对象。 这个 Android 对象实际上属于 <code>airtest.core.android</code> 这个包，继承自 <code>airtest.core.device.Device</code> 这个类，与之并列的还有 <code>airtest.core.ios.ios.IOS</code> 、<code>airtest.core.linux.linux.Linux</code>、<code>airtest.core.win.win.Windows</code> 等。这些都有一些针对 Device 操作的 API，下面我们以 <code>airtest.core.android.android.Android</code> 为例来总结一下。</p>
                <ul>
                  <li>get_default_device：获取默认 device</li>
                  <li>uuid：获取当前 Device 的 UUID</li>
                  <li>list_app：列举所有 App</li>
                  <li>path_app：打印输出某个 App 的完整路径</li>
                  <li>check_app：检查某个 App 是否在当前设备上</li>
                  <li>start_app：启动某个 App</li>
                  <li>start_app_timing：启动某个 App，然后计算时间</li>
                  <li>stop_app：停止某个 App</li>
                  <li>clear_app：清空某个 App 的全部数据</li>
                  <li>install_app：安装某个 App</li>
                  <li>install_multiple_app：安装多个 App</li>
                  <li>uninstall_app：卸载某个 App</li>
                  <li>snapshot：屏幕截图</li>
                  <li>shell：获取 Adb Shell 执行的结果</li>
                  <li>keyevent：执行键盘操作</li>
                  <li>wake：唤醒当前设备</li>
                  <li>home：点击 HOME 键</li>
                  <li>text：向设备输入内容</li>
                  <li>touch：点击屏幕某处的位置</li>
                  <li>double_click：双击屏幕某处的位置</li>
                  <li>swipe：滑动屏幕，由一点到另外一点</li>
                  <li>pinch：手指捏和操作</li>
                  <li>logcat：日志记录操作</li>
                  <li>getprop：获取某个特定属性的值</li>
                  <li>get_ip_address：获取 IP 地址</li>
                  <li>get_top_activity：获取当前 Activity</li>
                  <li>get_top_activity_name_and_pid：获取当前 Activity 的名称和进程号</li>
                  <li>get_top_activity_name：获取当前 Activity 的名称</li>
                  <li>is_keyboard_shown：判断当前键盘是否出现了</li>
                  <li>is_locked：设备是否锁定了</li>
                  <li>unlock：解锁设备</li>
                  <li>display_info：获取当前显示信息，如屏幕宽高等</li>
                  <li>get_display_info：同 display_info</li>
                  <li>get_current_resolution：获取当前设备分辨率</li>
                  <li>get_render_resolution：获取当前渲染分辨率</li>
                  <li>start_recording：开始录制</li>
                  <li>stop_recording：结束录制</li>
                  <li>adjust_all_screen：调整屏幕适配分辨率</li>
                </ul>
                <p>了解了上面的方法之后，我们可以用一个实例来感受下它们的用法：</p>
                <figure class="highlight routeros">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.android import Android</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.api import *</span><br><span class="line">import logging</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">logging.getLogger(<span class="string">"airtest"</span>).setLevel(logging.WARNING)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">device: Android = init_device(<span class="string">'Android'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">is_locked = device.is_locked()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'is_locked: &#123;is_locked&#125;'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> is_locked:</span><br><span class="line">    device.unlock()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">device.wake()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app_list = device.list_app()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'app list &#123;app_list&#125;'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">uuid = device.uuid</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'uuid &#123;uuid&#125;'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">display_info = device.get_display_info()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'display info &#123;display_info&#125;'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">resolution = device.get_render_resolution()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'resolution &#123;resolution&#125;'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ip_address = device.get_ip_address()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'ip address &#123;ip_address&#125;'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">top_activity = device.get_top_activity()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'top activity &#123;top_activity&#125;'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">is_keyboard_shown = device.is_keyboard_shown()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="builtin-name">print</span>(f<span class="string">'is keyboard shown &#123;is_keyboard_shown&#125;'</span>)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这里我们调用了设备的一些操作方法，获取了一些基本状态，运行结果如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight sml">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">is_locked: <span class="type">False</span></span><br><span class="line">app <span class="built_in">list</span> [<span class="symbol">'com</span>.kimcy929.screenrecorder', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.providers.telephony', <span class="symbol">'io</span>.appium.settings', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.providers.calendar', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.providers.media', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.goldze.mvvmhabit', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.wallpapercropper', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.documentsui', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.galaxy4', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.externalstorage', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.htmlviewer', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.quicksearchbox', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.mms.service', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.providers.downloads', <span class="symbol">'mark</span>.qrcode', ..., <span class="symbol">'com</span>.google.android.play.games', <span class="symbol">'io</span>.kkzs', <span class="symbol">'tv</span>.danmaku.bili', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.android.captiveportallogin']</span><br><span class="line">uuid emulator-<span class="number">5554</span></span><br><span class="line">display info &#123;<span class="symbol">'id'</span>: <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="symbol">'width'</span>: <span class="number">1080</span>, <span class="symbol">'height'</span>: <span class="number">1920</span>, <span class="symbol">'xdpi'</span>: <span class="number">320.0</span>, <span class="symbol">'ydpi'</span>: <span class="number">320.0</span>, <span class="symbol">'size'</span>: <span class="number">6.88</span>, <span class="symbol">'density'</span>: <span class="number">2.0</span>, <span class="symbol">'fps'</span>: <span class="number">60.0</span>, <span class="symbol">'secure'</span>: <span class="type">True</span>, <span class="symbol">'rotation'</span>: <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="symbol">'orientation'</span>: <span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="symbol">'physical_width'</span>: <span class="number">1080</span>, <span class="symbol">'physical_height'</span>: <span class="number">1920</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">resolution (<span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="number">1080.0</span>, <span class="number">1920.0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">ip address <span class="number">10.0</span>.<span class="number">2.15</span></span><br><span class="line">top activity (<span class="symbol">'com</span>.microsoft.launcher.dev', <span class="symbol">'com</span>.microsoft.launcher.<span class="type">Launcher'</span>, <span class="string">'16040'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">is keyboard shown <span class="type">False</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="连接-device"><a href="#连接-device" class="headerlink" title="连接 device"></a>连接 device</h3>
                <p>连接 device 需要传入设备的 uri，格式类似 <code>android://adbhost:adbport/serialno?param=value&amp;param2=value2</code>，使用方法如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight sql">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">def connect_device(uri):</span><br><span class="line">    """</span><br><span class="line">    Initialize device <span class="keyword">with</span> uri, <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">set</span> <span class="keyword">as</span> <span class="keyword">current</span> device.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param uri: an URI <span class="keyword">where</span> <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="keyword">connect</span> <span class="keyword">to</span> device, e.g. <span class="string">`android://adbhost:adbport/serialno?param=value&amp;param2=value2`</span></span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="keyword">return</span>: device <span class="keyword">instance</span></span><br><span class="line">    :Example:</span><br><span class="line">        * <span class="string">``</span>android:///<span class="string">``</span> <span class="comment"># local adb device using default params</span></span><br><span class="line">        * <span class="string">``</span>android://adbhost:adbport/<span class="number">1234566</span>?cap_method=javacap&amp;touch_method=adb<span class="string">``</span>  <span class="comment"># remote device using custom params</span></span><br><span class="line">        * <span class="string">``</span>windows:///<span class="string">``</span> <span class="comment"># local Windows application</span></span><br><span class="line">        * <span class="string">``</span>ios:///<span class="string">``</span> <span class="comment"># iOS device</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight coffeescript">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.android <span class="keyword">import</span> Android</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.api <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">uri = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line">device: Android = connect_device(uri)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(device)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>运行结果如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight stylus">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">&lt;airtest<span class="selector-class">.core</span><span class="selector-class">.android</span><span class="selector-class">.android</span><span class="selector-class">.Android</span> <span class="selector-tag">object</span> at <span class="number">0</span>x110246940&gt;</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>其实返回结果和 init_device 是一样的，最后 connect_device 方法就是调用了 init_device 方法。</p>
                <h3 id="获取当前-device"><a href="#获取当前-device" class="headerlink" title="获取当前 device"></a>获取当前 device</h3>
                <p>就是直接调用 device 方法，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight python">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">device</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Return the current active device.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :return: current device instance</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> G.DEVICE</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="获取所有-device"><a href="#获取所有-device" class="headerlink" title="获取所有 device"></a>获取所有 device</h3>
                <p>在 airtest 中有一个全局变量 G，获取所有 device 的方法如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight coffeescript">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.android <span class="keyword">import</span> Android</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.api <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(G.DEVICE_LIST)</span><br><span class="line">uri = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line">device: Android = connect_device(uri)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">print</span>(G.DEVICE_LIST)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>运行结果如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight fsharp">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">[]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">[&lt;airtest.core.android.android.Android object at 0x10ba03978&gt;]</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这里需要注意的是，在最开始没有调用 connect_device 方法之前，DEVICE_LIST 是空的，在调用之后 DEVICE_LIST 会自动添加已经连接的 device，DEVICE_LIST 就是已经连接的 device 列表</p>
                <h3 id="切换-device"><a href="#切换-device" class="headerlink" title="切换 device"></a>切换 device</h3>
                <p>我们可以使用 set_current 方法切换当前连接的 device，传入的是 index，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight python">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">set_current</span><span class="params">(idx)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Set current active device.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :param idx: uuid or index of initialized device instance</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :raise IndexError: raised when device idx is not found</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :return: None</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :platforms: Android, iOS, Windows</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这个方法没有返回值，调用 set_current 方法切换 device 之后，再调用 device 方法就可以获取当前 device 对象了。</p>
                <h3 id="执行命令行"><a href="#执行命令行" class="headerlink" title="执行命令行"></a>执行命令行</h3>
                <p>可以使用 shell 方法传入 cmd 来执行命令行，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight vim">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">@logwrap</span><br><span class="line">def <span class="keyword">shell</span>(cmd):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br><span class="line">    Start remote <span class="keyword">shell</span> in the target device <span class="built_in">and</span> <span class="keyword">execute</span> the <span class="keyword">command</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param cmd: <span class="keyword">command</span> <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="keyword">be</span> run <span class="keyword">on</span> device, <span class="keyword">e</span>.g. <span class="string">"ls /data/local/tmp"</span></span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="keyword">return</span>: the output of the <span class="keyword">shell</span> cmd</span><br><span class="line">    :platform<span class="variable">s:</span> Android</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> G.DEVICE.<span class="keyword">shell</span>(cmd)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>直接调用 adb 命令就好了，例如获取内存信息就可以使用如下命令：</p>
                <figure class="highlight isbl">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">airtest.core.api</span> <span class="variable">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">uri</span> = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">connect_device</span>(<span class="variable">uri</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable"><span class="class">result</span></span> = <span class="function"><span class="title">shell</span>(<span class="string">'cat /proc/meminfo'</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">print</span>(<span class="variable"><span class="class">result</span></span>)</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>运行结果如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight yaml">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">MemTotal:</span>        <span class="number">3627908</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">MemFree:</span>         <span class="number">2655560</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">MemAvailable:</span>    <span class="number">2725928</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Buffers:</span>            <span class="number">3496</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Cached:</span>           <span class="number">147472</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">SwapCached:</span>            <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Active:</span>           <span class="number">744592</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Inactive:</span>         <span class="number">126332</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Active(anon):</span>     <span class="number">723292</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Inactive(anon):</span>    <span class="number">16344</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Active(file):</span>      <span class="number">21300</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">Inactive(file):</span>   <span class="number">109988</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Unevictable:</span>           <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Mlocked:</span>               <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">HighTotal:</span>       <span class="number">2760648</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">HighFree:</span>        <span class="number">2073440</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">LowTotal:</span>         <span class="number">867260</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">LowFree:</span>          <span class="number">582120</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">SwapTotal:</span>             <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">SwapFree:</span>              <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Dirty:</span>                 <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Writeback:</span>             <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">AnonPages:</span>        <span class="number">720100</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Mapped:</span>           <span class="number">127720</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Shmem:</span>             <span class="number">19428</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Slab:</span>              <span class="number">76196</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">SReclaimable:</span>       <span class="number">7392</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">SUnreclaim:</span>        <span class="number">68804</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">KernelStack:</span>        <span class="number">7896</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">PageTables:</span>         <span class="number">8544</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">NFS_Unstable:</span>          <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Bounce:</span>                <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">WritebackTmp:</span>          <span class="number">0</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">CommitLimit:</span>     <span class="number">1813952</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">Committed_AS:</span>   <span class="number">21521776</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">VmallocTotal:</span>     <span class="number">122880</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">VmallocUsed:</span>       <span class="number">38876</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">VmallocChunk:</span>      <span class="number">15068</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">DirectMap4k:</span>       <span class="number">16376</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">DirectMap4M:</span>      <span class="number">892928</span> <span class="string">kB</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="启动和停止-App"><a href="#启动和停止-App" class="headerlink" title="启动和停止 App"></a>启动和停止 App</h3>
                <p>启动和停止 App 直接传入包名即可，其实它们就是调用的 device 的 start_app 和 stop_app 方法，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight less">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def start_app(package, activity=None):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Start the target application on device</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">package</span>: name of the package to be started, e.g. <span class="string">"com.netease.my"</span></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">activity</span>: the activity to start, default is None which means the main activity</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    G.DEVICE.start_app(package, activity)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def stop_app(package):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Stop the target application on device</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">package</span>: name of the package to stop, see also <span class="built_in">`start_app`</span></span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    G.DEVICE.stop_app(package)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>用法示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight isbl">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">airtest.core.api</span> <span class="variable">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">uri</span> = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">connect_device</span>(<span class="variable">uri</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">package</span> = <span class="string">'com.tencent.mm'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">start_app</span>(<span class="variable">package</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title"><span class="built_in">sleep</span></span>(<span class="number">10</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">stop_app</span>(<span class="variable">package</span>)</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这里我指定了微信的包名，然后调用 start_app 启动了微信，然后等待了 10 秒，然后调用了 stop_app 停止了微信。</p>
                <h3 id="安装和卸载"><a href="#安装和卸载" class="headerlink" title="安装和卸载"></a>安装和卸载</h3>
                <p>安装和卸载也是一样，也是调用了 device 的 install 和 uninstall 方法，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight less">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def install(filepath, **kwargs):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Install application on device</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">filepath</span>: the path to file to be installed on target device</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">kwargs</span>: platform specific <span class="built_in">`kwargs`</span>, please refer to corresponding docs</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    return G.DEVICE.install_app(filepath, **kwargs)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def uninstall(package):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Uninstall application on device</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">package</span>: name of the package, see also <span class="built_in">`start_app`</span></span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    return G.DEVICE.uninstall_app(package)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="截图"><a href="#截图" class="headerlink" title="截图"></a>截图</h3>
                <p>截图使用 snapshot 即可完成，可以设定存储的文件名称，图片质量等。 定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight vim">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">def snapshot(filename=None, msg=<span class="string">""</span>, quality=ST.SNAPSHOT_QUALITY):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br><span class="line">    Take the screenshot of the target device <span class="built_in">and</span> save it <span class="keyword">to</span> the <span class="keyword">file</span>.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param filename: name of the <span class="keyword">file</span> where <span class="keyword">to</span> save the screenshot. If the relative path <span class="keyword">is</span> provided, the default</span><br><span class="line">                     location <span class="keyword">is</span> ``ST.LOG_DIR``</span><br><span class="line">    :param ms<span class="variable">g:</span> short description <span class="keyword">for</span> screenshot, it will <span class="keyword">be</span> recorded in the report</span><br><span class="line">    :param quality: The image quality, integer in <span class="built_in">range</span> [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">99</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="keyword">return</span>: absolute path of the screenshot</span><br><span class="line">    :platform<span class="variable">s:</span> Android, iOS, Windows</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight gradle">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.api <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">uri = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line">connect_device(uri)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> = <span class="string">'com.tencent.mm'</span></span><br><span class="line">start_app(<span class="keyword">package</span>)</span><br><span class="line">sleep(<span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line">snapshot(<span class="string">'weixin.png'</span>, quality=<span class="number">30</span>)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>运行之后在当前目录会生成一个 weixin.png 的图片，如图所示： <img src="https://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/24t0f.png" alt="weixin"></p>
                <h3 id="唤醒和首页"><a href="#唤醒和首页" class="headerlink" title="唤醒和首页"></a>唤醒和首页</h3>
                <p>唤醒和回到首页分别也是调用了 device 的 wake 和 home 方法，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight python">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">wake</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Wake up and unlock the target device</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :return: None</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :platforms: Android</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    .. note:: Might not work on some models</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line">    G.DEVICE.wake()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">home</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Return to the home screen of the target device.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :return: None</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :platforms: Android, iOS</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br><span class="line">    G.DEVICE.home()</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>直接调用即可。</p>
                <h3 id="点击屏幕"><a href="#点击屏幕" class="headerlink" title="点击屏幕"></a>点击屏幕</h3>
                <p>点击屏幕是 touch 方法，可以传入一张图或者绝对位置，同时可以指定点击次数，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight vim">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">@logwrap</span><br><span class="line">def touch(v, times=<span class="number">1</span>, **kwargs):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br><span class="line">    Perform the touch action <span class="keyword">on</span> the device screen</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="variable">v:</span> target <span class="keyword">to</span> touch, either <span class="keyword">a</span> Template instance <span class="built_in">or</span> absolute coordinates (<span class="keyword">x</span>, <span class="keyword">y</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    :param time<span class="variable">s:</span> how many touches <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="keyword">be</span> performed</span><br><span class="line">    :param kwarg<span class="variable">s:</span> platform specific `kwargs`, please refer <span class="keyword">to</span> corresponding docs</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="keyword">return</span>: finial position <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="keyword">be</span> clicked</span><br><span class="line">    :platform<span class="variable">s:</span> Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>例如我现在的手机屏幕是这样子： <img src="https://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/rn19x.png" alt="image-20200723104955681"> 这里我截图下来一张图片，如图所示： <img src="https://qiniu.cuiqingcai.com/sy0u5.png" alt="tpl"> 然后我们把这个图片声明成一个 Template 传入，示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight isbl">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">airtest.core.api</span> <span class="variable">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">uri</span> = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">connect_device</span>(<span class="variable">uri</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">touch</span>(<span class="title">Template</span>(<span class="string">'tpl.png'</span>))</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>启动之后它就会识别出这张图片的位置，然后点击。 或者我们可以指定点击的绝对位置，示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight angelscript">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.api <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">uri = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line">connect_device(uri)</span><br><span class="line">home()</span><br><span class="line">touch((<span class="number">400</span>, <span class="number">600</span>), times=<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>另外上述的 touch 方法还可以完全等同于 click 方法。 如果要双击的话，还可以使用调用 double_click 方法，传入参数也可以是 Template 或者绝对位置。</p>
                <h3 id="滑动"><a href="#滑动" class="headerlink" title="滑动"></a>滑动</h3>
                <p>滑动可以使用 swipe 方法，可以传入起始和终止位置，两个位置都可以传入绝对位置或者 Template，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight less">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def swipe(v1, v2=None, vector=None, **kwargs):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Perform the swipe action on the device screen.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    There are two ways of assigning the parameters</span><br><span class="line">        * <span class="built_in">``</span>swipe(v1, v2=Template(...))<span class="built_in">``</span>   # swipe from v1 to v2</span><br><span class="line">        * <span class="built_in">``</span>swipe(v1, vector=(x, y))<span class="built_in">``</span>      # swipe starts at v1 and moves along the vector.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">v1</span>: the start point of swipe,</span><br><span class="line">               either a Template instance or absolute coordinates (x, y)</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">v2</span>: the end point of swipe,</span><br><span class="line">               either a Template instance or absolute coordinates (x, y)</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">vector</span>: a vector coordinates of swipe action, either absolute coordinates (x, y) or percentage of</span><br><span class="line">                   screen e.g.(<span class="number">0.5</span>, <span class="number">0.5</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    :param **<span class="attribute">kwargs</span>: platform specific <span class="built_in">`kwargs`</span>, please refer to corresponding docs</span><br><span class="line">    :raise <span class="attribute">Exception</span>: general exception when not enough parameters to perform swap action have been provided</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: Origin position and target position</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>比如这里我们可以定义手指向右滑动：</p>
                <figure class="highlight angelscript">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.api <span class="keyword">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">uri = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line">connect_device(uri)</span><br><span class="line">home()</span><br><span class="line">swipe((<span class="number">200</span>, <span class="number">300</span>), (<span class="number">900</span>, <span class="number">300</span>))</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="放大缩小"><a href="#放大缩小" class="headerlink" title="放大缩小"></a>放大缩小</h3>
                <p>放大缩小是使用的 pinch 方法，可以指定放大还是缩小，同时还可以指定中心位置点和放大缩小的比率。 定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight vim">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">@logwrap</span><br><span class="line">def pinch(in_or_out=<span class="string">'in'</span>, <span class="keyword">center</span>=None, percent=<span class="number">0.5</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br><span class="line">    Perform the pinch action <span class="keyword">on</span> the device screen</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param in_or_ou<span class="variable">t:</span> pinch in <span class="built_in">or</span> pinch out, enum in [<span class="string">"in"</span>, <span class="string">"out"</span>]</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="keyword">center</span>: <span class="keyword">center</span> of pinch action, default <span class="keyword">as</span> None which <span class="keyword">is</span> the <span class="keyword">center</span> of the screen</span><br><span class="line">    :param percen<span class="variable">t:</span> percentage of the screen of pinch action, default <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="number">0.5</span></span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="keyword">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :platform<span class="variable">s:</span> Android</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight routeros">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> airtest.core.api import *</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">uri = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line">connect_device(uri)</span><br><span class="line">home()</span><br><span class="line">pinch(<span class="attribute">in_or_out</span>=<span class="string">'out'</span>, center=(300, 300), <span class="attribute">percent</span>=0.4)</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="键盘事件"><a href="#键盘事件" class="headerlink" title="键盘事件"></a>键盘事件</h3>
                <p>可以使用 keyevent 来输入某个键，例如 home、back 等等，keyevent 的定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight python">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">keyevent</span><span class="params">(keyname, **kwargs)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Perform key event on the device</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :param keyname: platform specific key name</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :param **kwargs: platform specific `kwargs`, please refer to corresponding docs</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :return: None</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :platforms: Android, Windows, iOS</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight stylus">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">keyevent</span><span class="params">(<span class="string">"HOME"</span>)</span></span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这样就表示按了 HOME 键。</p>
                <h3 id="输入内容"><a href="#输入内容" class="headerlink" title="输入内容"></a>输入内容</h3>
                <p>输入内容需要使用 text 方法，当然前提是这个 widget 需要是 active 状态，text 的定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight vim">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">@logwrap</span><br><span class="line">def text(text, enter=True, **kwargs):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br><span class="line">    Input text <span class="keyword">on</span> the target device. Text <span class="built_in">input</span> widget must <span class="keyword">be</span> active <span class="keyword">first</span>.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param tex<span class="variable">t:</span> text <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="built_in">input</span>, unicode <span class="keyword">is</span> supported</span><br><span class="line">    :param enter: <span class="built_in">input</span> `Enter` keyevent after text <span class="built_in">input</span>, default <span class="keyword">is</span> True</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="keyword">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :platform<span class="variable">s:</span> Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="等待和判断"><a href="#等待和判断" class="headerlink" title="等待和判断"></a>等待和判断</h3>
                <p>可以使用 wait 方法等待某个内容加载出来，需要传入的是 Template，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight vim">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">@logwrap</span><br><span class="line">def wait(v, timeout=None, interval=<span class="number">0.5</span>, intervalfunc=None):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br><span class="line">    Wait <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="keyword">match</span> the Template <span class="keyword">on</span> the device screen</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="variable">v:</span> target object <span class="keyword">to</span> wait <span class="keyword">for</span>, Template instance</span><br><span class="line">    :param timeou<span class="variable">t:</span> time interval <span class="keyword">to</span> wait <span class="keyword">for</span> the <span class="keyword">match</span>, default <span class="keyword">is</span> None which <span class="keyword">is</span> ``ST.FIND_TIMEOUT``</span><br><span class="line">    :param interva<span class="variable">l:</span> time interval in seconds <span class="keyword">to</span> attempt <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="keyword">find</span> <span class="keyword">a</span> <span class="keyword">match</span></span><br><span class="line">    :param intervalfunc: called after each unsuccessful attempt <span class="keyword">to</span> <span class="keyword">find</span> the corresponding <span class="keyword">match</span></span><br><span class="line">    :raise TargetNotFoundError: raised <span class="keyword">if</span> target <span class="keyword">is</span> not found after the time limit expired</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="keyword">return</span>: coordinates of the matched target</span><br><span class="line">    :platform<span class="variable">s:</span> Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span><span class="comment">"</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>同时也使用 exists 方法判断某个内容是否存在，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight python">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">exists</span><span class="params">(v)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    Check whether given target exists on device screen</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :param v: target to be checked</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :return: False if target is not found, otherwise returns the coordinates of the target</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    :platforms: Android, Windows, iOS</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    """</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <h3 id="断言"><a href="#断言" class="headerlink" title="断言"></a>断言</h3>
                <p>另外 Airtest 还提供了几个断言语句来判断结果是否存在或者相同，定义如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight less">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def assert_exists(v, msg=<span class="string">""</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Assert target exists on device screen</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">v</span>: target to be checked</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">msg</span>: short description of assertion, it will be recorded in the report</span><br><span class="line">    :raise <span class="attribute">AssertionError</span>: if assertion fails</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: coordinates of the target</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attribute">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        pos = loop_find(v, timeout=ST.FIND_TIMEOUT, threshold=ST.THRESHOLD_STRICT)</span><br><span class="line">        return pos</span><br><span class="line">    except <span class="attribute">TargetNotFoundError</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        raise AssertionError(<span class="string">"%s does not exist in screen, message: %s"</span> % (v, msg))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def assert_not_exists(v, msg=<span class="string">""</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Assert target does not exist on device screen</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">v</span>: target to be checked</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">msg</span>: short description of assertion, it will be recorded in the report</span><br><span class="line">    :raise <span class="attribute">AssertionError</span>: if assertion fails</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: None.</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attribute">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        pos = loop_find(v, timeout=ST.FIND_TIMEOUT_TMP)</span><br><span class="line">        raise AssertionError(<span class="string">"%s exists unexpectedly at pos: %s, message: %s"</span> % (v, pos, msg))</span><br><span class="line">    except <span class="attribute">TargetNotFoundError</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        pass</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def assert_equal(first, second, msg=<span class="string">""</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Assert two values are equal</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">first</span>: first value</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">second</span>: second value</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">msg</span>: short description of assertion, it will be recorded in the report</span><br><span class="line">    :raise <span class="attribute">AssertionError</span>: if assertion fails</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    if first != <span class="attribute">second</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        raise AssertionError(<span class="string">"%s and %s are not equal, message: %s"</span> % (first, second, msg))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">@logwrap</span></span><br><span class="line">def assert_not_equal(first, second, msg=<span class="string">""</span>):</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    Assert two values are not equal</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">first</span>: first value</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">second</span>: second value</span><br><span class="line">    :param <span class="attribute">msg</span>: short description of assertion, it will be recorded in the report</span><br><span class="line">    :raise <span class="attribute">AssertionError</span>: if assertion</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">return</span>: None</span><br><span class="line">    :<span class="attribute">platforms</span>: Android, Windows, iOS</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">""</span>"</span><br><span class="line">    if first == <span class="attribute">second</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        raise AssertionError(<span class="string">"%s and %s are equal, message: %s"</span> % (first, second, msg))</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>这几个断言比较常用的就是 assert_exists 和 assert_not_exists 判断某个目标是否存在于屏幕上，同时还可以传入 msg，它可以被记录到 report 里面。 以上就是 Airtest 的 API 的用法，它提供了一些便捷的方法封装，同时还对接了图像识别等技术。 但 Airtest 也有一定的局限性，比如不能根据 DOM 树来选择对应的节点，依靠图像识别也有一定的不精确之处，所以还需要另外一个库 —— Poco。</p>
                <h2 id="Poco"><a href="#Poco" class="headerlink" title="Poco"></a>Poco</h2>
                <p>利用 Poco 我们可以支持 DOM 选择，例如编写 XPath 等来定位某一个节点。 首先需要安装 Poco，使用 pip3 即可：</p>
                <figure class="highlight cmake">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">pip3 <span class="keyword">install</span> pocoui</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>安装好了之后我们便可以使用它来选择一些节点了，示例如下：</p>
                <figure class="highlight isbl">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">airtest.core.api</span> <span class="variable">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">poco.drivers.android.uiautomation</span> <span class="variable">import</span> <span class="variable">AndroidUiautomationPoco</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">poco</span> = <span class="function"><span class="title">AndroidUiautomationPoco</span>()</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">uri</span> = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">connect_device</span>(<span class="variable">uri</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">home</span>()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">poco</span>(<span class="variable">text</span>=<span class="string">'Weather'</span>).click()</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>比如这里我们就声明了 AndroidUiautomationPoco 这个 Poco 对象，然后调用了 poco 传入一些选择器，选中之后执行 click 方法。 这个选择器非常强大，可以传入 name 和各个属性值，具体的使用方法见：<a href="https://poco.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/poco.pocofw.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://poco.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/poco.pocofw.html</a></p>
                <figure class="highlight isbl">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">airtest.core.api</span> <span class="variable">import</span> *</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">poco.drivers.android.uiautomation</span> <span class="variable">import</span> <span class="variable">AndroidUiautomationPoco</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">from</span> <span class="variable">poco.proxy</span> <span class="variable">import</span> <span class="variable">UIObjectProxy</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">poco</span> = <span class="function"><span class="title">AndroidUiautomationPoco</span>()</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable">uri</span> = <span class="string">'Android://127.0.0.1:5037/emulator-5554'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">connect_device</span>(<span class="variable">uri</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">home</span>()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable"><span class="class">object</span></span>: <span class="variable">UIObjectProxy</span> = <span class="function"><span class="title">poco</span>(<span class="string">"com.microsoft.launcher.dev:id/workspace"</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">print</span>(<span class="variable"><span class="class">object</span></span>)</span></span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>poco 返回的是 UIObjectProxy 对象，它提供了其他的操作 API，例如选取子节点，兄弟节点，父节点等等，同时可以调用各个操作方法，如 click、pinch、scroll 等等。 具体的操作文档可以参见：<a href="https://poco.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/poco.proxy.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://poco.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/poco.proxy.html</a> 下面简单总结：</p>
                <ul>
                  <li>attr：获取节点属性</li>
                  <li>child：获取子节点</li>
                  <li>children：获取所有子节点</li>
                  <li>click：点击</li>
                  <li>double_click：双击</li>
                  <li>drag_to：将某个节点拖拽到另一个节点</li>
                  <li>exists：某个节点是否存在</li>
                  <li>focus：获得焦点</li>
                  <li>get_bounds：获取边界</li>
                  <li>get_name：获取节点名</li>
                  <li>get_position：获取节点位置</li>
                  <li>get_size：获取节点大小</li>
                  <li>get_text：获取文本内容</li>
                  <li>long_click：长按</li>
                  <li>offspring：选出包含直接子代的后代</li>
                  <li>parent：父节点</li>
                  <li>pinch：缩放</li>
                  <li>scroll：滑动</li>
                  <li>set_text：设置文字</li>
                  <li>sibling：兄弟节点</li>
                  <li>swipe：滑动</li>
                  <li>wait：等待</li>
                  <li>wait_for_appearance：等待某个节点出现</li>
                  <li>wait_for_disappearance：等待某个节点消失</li>
                </ul>
                <p>以上的这些方法混用的话就可以执行各种节点的选择和相应的操作。</p>
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